As the revolutionary fervor of the eighteenth century faded, a desire to restore order and stability permeated the political and intellectual atmosphere of Europe. In particular, the ideologies of conservatism, nationalism, and liberalism represented different approaches to protecting the revolutionary gains of the eighteenth century and temporarily quieting the turbulence of the revolutionary era. These gains were relatively short-lived, however, as political upheaval once again irrevocably transformed Europe by the middle of the nineteenth century. In the case of Italy and Germany, the desire for unification prevailed over the desire for freedom, resulting in the birth of new states. Although the forces of nationalism and conservatism reversed some democratic gains rooted in notions of the social contract and individual liberty, liberal principles such as religious toleration and equality before the law continued to exert a powerful influence on the rise of the modern nation-state.            

All images referenced in this podcast can be found at https://openstax.org/books/world-history-volume-2/pages/7-4-nationalism-liberalism-conservatism-and-the-political-order            

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This podcast will attempt to tell the whole human story.       

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Podcast produced by Miranda Casturo as a Creative Common Sense production.