Long before Europeans set foot in the Americas, the continent was already home to diverse cultures with deep roots. The traditional theory suggests the first Americans crossed the Bering Land Bridge during the last Ice Age, migrating from Siberia to Alaska roughly 15,000 to 20,000 years ago. However, new evidence indicates that humans may have arrived even earlier through alternative routes. The coastal migration theory posits that early peoples traveled by boat along the Pacific coast, using marine resources to sustain their journey. Sites like Monte Verde in Chile and fossilized footprints in New Mexico suggest human presence dating back over 20,000 years, challenging the notion that migration occurred solely through Beringia. These early peoples, whether arriving by land or sea, adapted to a variety of climates—from the icy north to the temperate coasts—and developed distinct tools and hunting strategies, such as those associated with the Clovis culture. Over time, regional cultures emerged, setting the stage for the rich cultural diversity that would define Pre-European America. These early innovators laid the foundations for centuries of cultural development, long before European contact.